JavaScript Math Object

The Math object allows you to perform mathematical tasks on numbers.

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The Math Object

The Math object allows you to perform mathematical tasks.

The Math object includes several mathematical methods.

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One common use of the Math object is to create a random number:

Example

Math.random();       // returns a random number

	Math has no constructor. No methods have to create a Math object first.

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Math.min() and Math.max()

Math.min() and Math.max() can be used to find the lowest or highest value in a list of arguments:

Example

Math.min(0, 150, 30, 20, -8, -200);      // returns -200

Example

Math.max(0, 150, 30, 20, -8, -200);      // returns 150

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Math.random()

Math.random() returns a random number between 0 (inclusive),  and 1 (exclusive):

Example

Math.random();              // returns a random number

	Math.random() always returns a number lower than 1.

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Math.round()

Math.round() rounds a number to the nearest integer:

Example

Math.round(4.7);            // returns 5Math.round(4.4);            // returns 4

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Math.ceil()

Math.ceil() rounds a number up to the nearest integer:

Example

Math.ceil(4.4);             // returns 5

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Math.floor()

Math.floor() rounds a number down to the nearest integer:

Example

Math.floor(4.7);            // returns 4

Math.floor() and Math.random() can be used together to return a random number between 0 and 10:

Example

Math.floor(Math.random() * 11);   // returns a random number between 0 and 10

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Math Constants

JavaScript provides 8 mathematical constants that can be accessed with the Math object:

Example

Math.E          // returns Euler's number Math.PI         // returns PI Math.SQRT2      // returns the square root of 2 Math.SQRT1_2    // returns the square root of 1/2 Math.LN2        // returns the natural logarithm of 2 Math.LN10       // returns the natural logarithm of 10 Math.LOG2E      // returns base 2 logarithm of E Math.LOG10E     // returns base 10 logarithm of E

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Math Object Methods

Method	Description
abs(x)	Returns the absolute value of x
acos(x)	Returns the arccosine of x, in radians
asin(x)	Returns the arcsine of x, in radians
atan(x)	Returns the arctangent of x as a numeric value between -PI/2 and PI/2 radians
atan2(y,x)	Returns the arctangent of the quotient of its arguments
ceil(x)	Returns x, rounded upwards to the nearest integer
cos(x)	Returns the cosine of x (x is in radians)
exp(x)	Returns the value of Ex
floor(x)	Returns x, rounded downwards to the nearest integer
log(x)	Returns the natural logarithm (base E) of x
max(x,y,z,...,n)	Returns the number with the highest value
min(x,y,z,...,n)	Returns the number with the lowest value
pow(x,y)	Returns the value of x to the power of y
random()	Returns a random number between 0 and 1
round(x)	Rounds x to the nearest integer
sin(x)	Returns the sine of x (x is in radians)
sqrt(x)	Returns the square root of x
tan(x)	Returns the tangent of an angle